This report argues that development finance has largely been directed towards centralized systems of wastewater management, which has resulted in large populations being excluded from proper wastewater collection and treatment services. In order to ensure the success of decentralized sanitation strategies, there is a need for institutional reform and the setting up of robust frameworks. The spillover effects of proper sanitation, which include an increase in property tax revenues, can help to offset the costs of fecal sludge management.
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